日本語能力試驗(JLPT)分五級,N5 最基礎、N1 最高。這頁一次講清楚:各級的程度、單字量、合格分數、考試日期,還有現實中能拿來做什麼——StayJP 每一級的單字、文法、模考都能免費開始。The JLPT has five levels, from N5 (basic) to N1 (advanced). This page covers it all: each level's difficulty, vocabulary size, passing score, test dates, and what it's actually good for — and StayJP covers vocab, grammar, and mock exams for every level, free to start.
| 級別Level | 單字量Vocab | 學習時數Study hrs | 合格分(滿分180)Pass (of 180) | 大致能做什麼Roughly enables |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N5 | ~800 | ~100 | 80 | 看懂假名與基礎漢字、日常簡單句Kana + basic kanji, simple sentences |
| N4 | ~1,500 | ~300 | 90 | 理解貼近日常的基本會話與短文Everyday basics and short passages |
| N3 | ~3,700 | ~450 | 95 | 讀懂一般文章、聽懂接近自然語速General texts, near-natural speech |
| N2 | ~6,000 | ~600 | 90 | 報章與書面日語;留學/求職常見門檻News + formal Japanese; study/work bar |
| N1 | ~10,000+ | ~900 | 100 | 抽象、專業、邏輯性較高的日語Abstract, specialized, logical texts |
※ 單字量與時數為常見估計,實際依母語與基礎而異(華語者因漢字優勢通常更快)。合格分為官方各級總分門檻,另各節有最低分要求(見下方計分說明)。※ Vocab and hours are common estimates and vary by background (Chinese speakers often move faster thanks to kanji). Passing scores are official overall thresholds; each section also has a minimum (see scoring below).
能看懂平假名、片假名與基本漢字,理解日常簡單句子。剛學完五十音後的第一關。Read hiragana, katakana, and basic kanji; understand simple everyday sentences. The first milestone after kana.
現實用途:自我介紹、看懂菜單與標示、旅遊基本溝通。多數人 3–6 個月可達。Good for: self-intro, reading menus and signs, basic travel. Reachable in ~3–6 months.
能理解貼近日常的基本日語,讀懂較簡單的文章與對話。動詞變化開始成主角。Understand everyday Japanese and read simpler passages and conversations. Verb conjugation becomes central.
現實用途:日常生活會話、看懂簡單通知與訊息;打工面試的入門線。Good for: daily conversation, simple notices and messages; entry bar for part-time interviews.
承上啟下的關鍵一級,能讀懂一定程度的日常文章、聽懂接近自然語速的對話。很多人卡在這裡。The pivotal middle level — read everyday texts and follow near-natural speech. Many learners plateau here.
現實用途:部分服務業與現場工作的最低要求;通往 N2 的必經站。Good for: minimum for some service/on-site jobs; the necessary stop before N2.
能讀懂報章、理解較正式與書面的日語。留學、在日求職常要求 N2 以上。Read newspapers and understand more formal, written Japanese. Often required for study or work in Japan.
現實用途:多數企業求職門檻、專門學校與大學入學參考;高度人材簽證加 10 分。Good for: hiring bar at many companies, school/university reference; +10 points for the HSP visa.
能理解各種場合、抽象與邏輯性較高的日語,讀懂評論、專業文章。Understand Japanese across contexts, including abstract and logical content, editorials, and specialized texts.
現實用途:專業職、醫療/法律等領域、部分研究所要求;高度人材簽證加 15 分。Good for: professional roles, fields like medicine/law, some grad programs; +15 points for the HSP visa.
一年舉辦兩次,通常在 7 月與 12 月的第一個星期日(部分海外考區一年只有一次)。報名多在考前約 2–3 個月開放,名額有限、常會額滿,建議提早卡位。Held twice a year, usually the first Sunday of July and December (some overseas sites run once a year). Registration opens ~2–3 months ahead and can fill up — sign up early.
分三大塊:言語知識(文字・語彙・文法)、読解(閱讀)、聴解(聽力)。N4、N5 把「言語知識+読解」合併計分;N1–N3 三塊分開計分。全程約 2–3 小時,依級別而定。Three areas: Language Knowledge (vocab/grammar), Reading, and Listening. N4/N5 combine Language Knowledge + Reading into one score; N1–N3 score all three separately. The test runs ~2–3 hours depending on level.
總分 0–180。除了要達到整體合格分(N5:80、N4:90、N3:95、N2:90、N1:100),每一節也要過最低門檻(各節約 19/60)。就算總分夠,只要有一節掛零式偏低也不合格——所以三科要平均顧,不能只拚單字。Total 0–180. You must clear both the overall pass mark (N5:80, N4:90, N3:95, N2:90, N1:100) and a per-section minimum (~19/60 each). A high total won't save you if one section falls below its floor — so balance all three, don't only grind vocab.
沒有硬性順序,可以直接報你有把握的級別。常見情境:There's no forced order — register for the level you can handle. Common cases:
從 N5 打底,建立助詞、動詞變化與基本句型的感覺。Start at N5 to build particles, verb forms, and basic sentence patterns.
目標多半是 N2;先過 N3 建立中級底子,再往 N2 衝。The usual target is N2; clear N3 first, then push to N2.
N2 以上較有優勢;高度人材簽證 N2 加 10 分、N1 加 15 分。N2+ helps most; the HSP visa gives +10 for N2 and +15 for N1.
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一年兩次,通常在 7 月與 12 月;部分海外考區一年只有一次。報名約在考前 2–3 個月開放。Twice a year, usually July and December; some overseas sites run once a year. Registration opens ~2–3 months before.
沒有統一標準,但多數企業求職以 N2 為常見門檻,專業職常要 N1。高度人材簽證:N2 加 10 分、N1 加 15 分。There's no single rule, but N2 is a common hiring bar and professional roles often want N1. HSP visa: +10 for N2, +15 for N1.
因人而異,常見估計是 600 小時以上的有效學習。華語母語者因漢字優勢,閱讀通常較快,但聽力與文法仍需扎實累積。It varies; a common estimate is 600+ hours of effective study. Chinese speakers often read faster thanks to kanji, but listening and grammar still take steady work.
不用。可以直接報你有把握的級別,很多人第一次就考 N3 或 N2。No. Register for whatever level you can handle — many people start at N3 or N2.
因為每一節都有最低分門檻(各節約 19/60)。只要有一節低於門檻,即使總分達標也不合格。三科要平均準備。Each section has a minimum (~19/60). Fall below it in any one section and you fail even with a passing total. Balance all three.
免費就能開始,登入再送 3 天全功能試用;之後可選付費解鎖全部單字、文法與模考。Free to start, with a 3-day full-feature trial after signing in; a paid plan unlocks all vocab, grammar, and mock exams.